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Biodegradable polymethacrylic acid grafted psyllium for controlled drug delivery systems

Ranvijay KUMAR, Kaushlendra SHARMA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1310-0

摘要： Polymethacrylic acid (PMA) was synthesized on the backbone of psyllium (Psy) by a microwave assisted method to prepare polymeric grafted materials designated as (Psy- -PMA). Various grades of Psy- -PMA were prepared by changing the degree of grafting from 35%–58% and the materials were then made into tablets. Swelling and biodegradability studies of the tablets were carried out. Acetyl salicylic acid was incorporated in the various Psy- -PMA samples and tablets were prepared to study the in vitro drug release in acidic (pH= 4), neutral (pH= 7), and basic (pH= 9) media. In the acidic medium, the swelling was more than 1300%. In addition, the biodegradable Psy- -PMA had the highest drug release in the acidic medium. This may be attributed to Fickian diffusion since the drug and the medium in which it was released have the same acidic nature.

关键词： psyllium     acetyl salicylic acid     in-vitro drug release     swelling     biodegradation    

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Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 225-232 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1429-7

摘要： Semi-solid materials represent an important category of inactive ingredients (excipients) of pharmaceutical products. Here we review several common semi-solid polymers currently used in the controlled release formulations of many drugs. These polymers are selected based on their importance and broad scope of application in FDA-approved drug products and include several polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate) and carbomers, a group of mucoadhesive synthetic polymers. Glyceride-based polymers used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) will also be discussed for its importance in formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. Unique features and advantages of each type of semi-solid materials are discussed and examples of their use in oral delivery of drugs are provided. Finally, future prospects of developing new and better semi-solid excipients are discussed with the objective of facilitating clinical translation.

关键词： controlled release     drug delivery     semi-solids     polymer     excipient    

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Controlled drug release of 5-amino salicylic acid by poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar

G. Usha RANI,Kartick Prasad DEY,Srijita BHARTI,Sumit MISHRA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 465-470 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1452-8

摘要： The utilization of poly (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar (Ag-g-P(HEMA)) as a matrix for the controlled release of 5-aminosalicylic acid was investigated. Grafted copolymers of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) monomers on agar were synthesized by microwave assisted method. drug release studies were performed at pH values of 2 and 7 in order to investigate the possibility of pH triggered release for colon targeted drug delivery. Further, the percent grafting . (the time taken for release of 50% of the enclosed drug) value was studied and the results indicate that it may be possible to develop a programmable drug release matrix based on grafted polysaccharide. Ag-g-P(HEMA) appears to be a useful matrix for controlled release.

关键词： agar     controlled drug release     5-Amino salicylic acid     poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar    

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Nanostructured hollow spheres of hydroxyapatite: preparation and potential application in drug delivery

Xiaojing ZHANG, Weixin ZHANG, Zeheng YANG, Zhao ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 246-252 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1299-9

摘要： A solvothermal method has been successfully used to prepare nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) hollow spheres with average diameters of about 500 nm and shell thicknesses of about 100 nm in a glycerin/water mixed solvent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images show that the shells of the HA hollow spheres are actually composed of nanosheets with thicknesses of about 10 nm. By tuning the glycerin/water volume ratio, two other kinds of HA solid spheres with average diameters of about 6 or 20 μm were assembled from nanoflakes. The properties of the different kinds of spheres as drug delivery carriers were evaluated. Ibuprofen (IBU) was chosen as the model drug to load into the HA samples. The nanostructured HA samples showed a slow and sustained release of IBU. The HA hollow spheres exhibited a higher drug loading capacity and more favorable release properties than the HA solid spheres and thus are very promising for controlled drug release applications.

关键词： hydroxyapatite     hollow spheres     synthesis     drug release    

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Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 387-404 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1457-3

摘要： There are many challenges in developing efficient and target specific delivery systems of small molecule and nucleic acid drugs. Cell membrane presents one of the major barriers for the penetration of hydrophilic macromolecules across the plasma membrane. Nanocarriers have been designed to enhance their cellular uptake via endocytosis but following their cellular uptake, endosomal escape is the rate limiting step which restricts the value associated with the enhanced uptake by nanocarriers. Viruses are an excellent model for efficient cytosolic delivery by nanocarriers. Viruses exploit intracellular cues to release the genome to cytosol. In this review, we first discuss different endocytic uptake pathways and endosomal escape mechanisms. We then summarize the existing tools for studying the intracellular trafficking of nanocarriers. Finally, we highlight the important design elements of recent virus-based nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape.

关键词： nanocarrier     cellular uptake     endosomal release     nucleic acid drug    

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Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible polyurethanes for controlled release of hydrophobic and

Juichen YANG,Hong CHEN,Yuan YUAN,Debanjan SARKAR,Jie ZHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 498-510 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1451-9

摘要： Design of biocompatible and biodegradable polymer systems for sustained and controlled release of bioactive agents is critical for numerous biomedical applications. Here, we designed, synthesized, and characterized four polyurethane carrier systems for controlled release of model drugs. These polyurethanes are biocompatible and biodegradable because they consist of biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(caprolactone diol) as soft segment, linear aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate or symmetrical aliphatic cyclic dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate as hard segment, and biodegradable urethane linkage. They were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and differential scanning calorimetry, whereas their degradation behaviors were investigated in both phosphate buffered saline and enzymatic solutions. By tuning polyurethane segments, different release profiles of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs were obtained in the absence and presence of enzymes. Such difference in release profiles was attributed to a complex interplay among structure, hydrophobicity, and degradability of polyurethanes, the size and hydrophobicity of drugs, and drug-polymer interactions. Different drug-polyurethane combinations modulated the distribution and location of the drugs in polymer matrix, thus inducing different drug release mechanisms. Our results highlight an important role of segmental structure of the polyurethane as an engineering tool to control drug release.

关键词： phase structure     degradation     polyurethanes     controlled release     drug delivery    

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A novel cataplasma matrix of traditional Chinese medicine

Jing TIAN, Xiaolei ZHANG, Xueqin ZHOU,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 91-95 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0304-4

摘要： The aim of this paper was to develop a cataplasma matrix that can be applicable to both watersoluble and liposoluble drugs. The gellan gum and konjaku were employed as the scaffold materials of the matrix. With polyacrylic acid sodium and oligosaccharides as tacktifier, the formula of the cataplasma matrix was optimized in the orthogonal method as: gellan gum 0.4 g, xanthan€gum 0.03 g, konjac glue 0.1 g, glycerin 4 g, Gluco-Adhesive T (GAT) 6 g, Gluco-Adhesive E (GAE) 6 g, polyacrylic acid sodium 0.22 g, and sorbitol 3 g. The 180° peel strength, the tensile strength and the elongation at break was 3.043 N, 0.275 MPa and 91.05%, respectively. Furthermore, the drug-compatibilities of the matrix were investigated with baicalin, berberine and curcumin, which were used as the models of hydrophilic, poor-water-soluble and hydrophobic ingredients. The drug contents could reach 4.12% , 2.42% and 3.75%, while the release rate were measured as, 361.79, 55.85 and 104.41 μg·cm·hfor baicalin, berberine and curcumin, respectively. These results indicated that the obtained matrix had good drug-compatibility and drug-release properties for different ingredients.

关键词： drug-release     applicable     berberine     curcumin     different    

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Antimicrobial activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 517-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0480-9

摘要：

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients (70.41%). The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment (neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B) and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.

关键词： antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance     Propionibacterium acnes     topical antibiotics     in vitro study    

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Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 490-495 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0647-7

摘要：

Identification of the driver mutations in cancer has resulted in the development of a new category of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs. However, as was the case with conventional chemotherapies, the effectiveness of these drugs is limited by the emergence of drug-resistant variants. While most cancer therapies are given in combinations that are designed to avoid drug resistance, we discuss here therapeutic approaches that take advantage of the changes in cancer cells that arise upon development of drug resistance. This approach is based on notion that drug resistance comes at a fitness cost to the cancer cell that can be exploited for therapeutic benefit. We discuss the development of sequential drug therapies in which the first therapy is not given with curative intent, but to induce a major new sensitivity that can be targeted with a second drug that selectively targets the acquired vulnerability. This concept of collateral sensitivity has hitherto not been used on a large scale in the clinic and holds great promise for future cancer therapy.

关键词： cancer     drug resistance     genetic screens     senescence     targeted therapy    

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In vitro agonistic and antagonistic endocrine disrupting effects of organic extracts from waste water

Kaifeng RAO, Na LI, Mei MA, Zijian WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 69-78 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0502-7

摘要： Effluents from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) have been reported to have a broad spectrum of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). The majority of studies have focused on the occurrence of estrogenic activity, while ignoring nuclear hormone receptors (NRs) pathways. In the present study, a battery of in vitro yeast bioassays and a cell bioassay, including antagonistic and agonistic effects on estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen-related receptor (ERR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), were conducted to evaluate the removal efficiencies of EDCs by different treatment processes of a WWTP located in Beijing. Estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, anti- androgenic, anti-progesteronic, anti-ERR and the activation of AHR activities were detected in samples from all treatment processes and the receiving water. The concentration of estrogenic contaminants with estradiol (E ) equivalent concentrations ranged from 0.82 × 10 to 3.54 × 10 g E -EQ·L . The concentration of anti-estrogenic contaminants with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) equivalent concentrations ranged from 1.24 × 10 to 2.36 × 10 g 4-OHT-EQ·L . The concentration of anti-androgenic contaminants ranged from 2.21 × 10 to 3.52 × 10 g flutamide-EQ·L . The concentration of anti-progesteronic contaminants ranged from 3.15 × 10 to 2.71 × 10 g RU486-EQ·L . The concentration of anti-ERR contaminants ranged from 7.09 × 10 to 6.50 × 10 g 4-OHT-EQ·L . The concentration of AHR activators ranged from 1.7 × 10 to 3.4 × 10 g TCDD-EQ·L . These processes including secondary clarifier, coagulation, as well as coal and sand filtration could eliminated 67.2% of estrogenic contaminants, 47.0% of anti-estrogenic contaminants, 98.3% of anti-androgenic contaminants, 88.4% of anti-progesteronic contaminants, 65.4% of anti-ERR contaminants and 46.9% of AHR activators. WWTP effluents contain multiple receptor disruptors may have very complex adverse effects on exposed organisms.

关键词： waste water     in vitro     recombinant yeast assay     ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD)     receptor     endocrine    

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and a prognostic indicator in human breast cancer and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 41-51 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0429-z

摘要：

Midline2 (MID2) is an ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme linked to tumor progression and a novel interacting partner of breast cancer 1, early-onset (BRCA1). However, the role of MID2 in breast cancer remains unknown. This study investigated the expression, prognostic value, and role of MID2 in breast cancer. The expression of MID2 mRNA and protein was significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissue and established cell lines compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells and paired adjacent non-tumor tissue (P<0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that MID2 was overexpressed in 272 of 284 (95.8%) paraffin-embedded, archived breast cancer tissue. Moreover, MID2 expression increased with advanced clinical stage (P<0.001). High MID2 expression was significantly associated with advanced clinical stages and T, N, and M staging (all P<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that high MID2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival in the entire cohort (93.73 vs. 172.1 months; P<0.001, log-rank test) and in subgroups with stages Tis+ I+ II and III+ IV. Furthermore, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide colony formation, and anchorage-independent growth ability assays were conducted. Results showed that siRNA silencing of MID2 expression significantly reduced MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation in vitro and blocked the growth of MDA-MB-231 cell xenograft tumors in vivo (P<0.05). This study indicated that MID2 may be a novel prognostic marker and interventional target in breast cancer.

关键词： breast cancer     MID2     proliferation     overall survival     xenograft    

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IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ON PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 635-644 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020343

摘要：

The antifungal effectiveness of extracts of five medicinal plant species was determined. The inhibitory activity of extracts of Eucalyptus tereticornis, Xanthium sibiricum, Artemisia argyi, Tupistra chinensis and Pyrola calliantha were evaluated against the mycelial growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, P. italicumand Rhizopus stolonifer. All plant extracts were prepared at 60°C using solvents (either water, 50% ethanol (v/v), 95% ethanol (v/v), ethyl acetate or petroleum ether). Fungicidal effects of all plants tested were confirmed. Different extracts from the same plant species gave different degrees of inhibition. All aqueous extracts had weak or no activity on all fungi tested. Ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from T. chinensis rhizomes gave greater inhibition and a broader spectrum inhibition than the other extracts. T. chinensis may have potential as a new natural fungicide and may be used for the preservation of agricultural and forestry products such as fruits and vegetables.

 

关键词： Botrytis cinerea / food preservation / plant diseases / plant pathogenic fungi / Tupistra chinensis    

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Protein microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery

Yongda SUN,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 82-86 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0307-1

摘要： A new supercritical fluid (SCF) technique was developed for the preparation of microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery (PDD). This technique, based on the anti-solvent process, has incorporated advanced engineering design features to enable improved control of the particle formation process. Human recombinant insulin (HRI) was used as a model compound to evaluate the efficiency of this SCF process. An aqueous solution of HRI with a co-solvent was sprayed into high pressure carbon dioxide that extracted the solvent and water, leading to a dry fine powder with good particle size distribution and near ideal morphology for pulmonary drug delivery.

关键词： advanced engineering     improved     pressure     aqueous     technique    

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Study on the NOx release rule along the boiler during pulverized coal combustion

JIN Jing, ZHANG Zhongxiao, LI Ruiyang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 91-95 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0009-7

摘要： Numerical simulation and experimental study on NO release along the boiler during pulverized coal combustion have been conducted. With the increase of temperature the NO emission increased and the peak value of NO release moved forward. But when the temperature increased to a certain degree, NO emission began to reduce. NO emission increased with the increase of nitrogen content of coal. The peak value of NO release moved backwards with the increase of coal rank. NO emission increased obviously with the increase of stoichiometric ratio. There existed a critical average diameter of the pulverized coal (). If "d, NO emission reduced with the decrease of pulverized coal size. If >, NO emission reduced with the increase of the pulverized coal size. The results showed that the simulation results are in agreement with the experimental results for concentration distribution of NO along the axis of the furnace.
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Capacity estimation and preliminary strategy for reducing the release of dioxins in China

YU Gang, ZHANG Qing, HUANG Jun, CAI Zhenxiao, SUI Qian

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 13-17 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0002-8

摘要： As a party of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, China must submit its national implementation plan (NIP) for this convention. The strategy and action plan for reducing the release of dioxins in China are the most important components of the NIP. Three problems are key points for developing such strategy and action plan what are the key sources for applying the best available technology/best environmental practice (BAT/BEP) to reduce the release of dioxins? How about the capacity for reducing the dioxins release from the key sources? Where are the areas of priority for applying BAT/BEP? This paper shows the efforts towards the solution of these problems. The list of key sources covering about half of the total dioxins release was determined considering four criteria. The capacity of key sources were estimated based on the difference between the emission factor corresponding to the actual situation in 2004 and that corresponding to the scenario that all key sources have been applied BAT/BEP to reduce the dioxins release. The priority analysis using the geographical information system (GIS) tool has revealed that eastern provinces should be of high priority in the future reduction activities of dioxins release in China.

关键词： GIS     difference     capacity     scenario     implementation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Biodegradable polymethacrylic acid grafted psyllium for controlled drug delivery systems

Ranvijay KUMAR, Kaushlendra SHARMA

期刊论文

Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

期刊论文

Controlled drug release of 5-amino salicylic acid by poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) grafted agar

G. Usha RANI,Kartick Prasad DEY,Srijita BHARTI,Sumit MISHRA

期刊论文

Nanostructured hollow spheres of hydroxyapatite: preparation and potential application in drug delivery

Xiaojing ZHANG, Weixin ZHANG, Zeheng YANG, Zhao ZHANG

期刊论文

Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

期刊论文

Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible polyurethanes for controlled release of hydrophobic and

Juichen YANG,Hong CHEN,Yuan YUAN,Debanjan SARKAR,Jie ZHENG

期刊论文

A novel cataplasma matrix of traditional Chinese medicine

Jing TIAN, Xiaolei ZHANG, Xueqin ZHOU,

期刊论文

Antimicrobial activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical

null

期刊论文

Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer

null

期刊论文

In vitro agonistic and antagonistic endocrine disrupting effects of organic extracts from waste water

Kaifeng RAO, Na LI, Mei MA, Zijian WANG

期刊论文

and a prognostic indicator in human breast cancer and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro

null

期刊论文

IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ON PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI

期刊论文

Protein microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery

Yongda SUN,

期刊论文

Study on the NOx release rule along the boiler during pulverized coal combustion

JIN Jing, ZHANG Zhongxiao, LI Ruiyang

期刊论文

Capacity estimation and preliminary strategy for reducing the release of dioxins in China

YU Gang, ZHANG Qing, HUANG Jun, CAI Zhenxiao, SUI Qian

期刊论文